That said, there are two important differences between dictatorships and autocracies. [126] Four strategies of political control commonly employed by dictatorships are repression, indoctrination, coercive distribution, and infiltration. Secondly, while the term "dictatorship" is widely understood to include inherent abuse of powerthere is arguably no such thing as a benevolent dictatorhistory offers several examples of autocrats who tried to do what was best for their people. The first distinction made is whether a democracy's government is responsible to the legislature. Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era, and the country's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. Uganda. The dictator maintains control by influencing and appeasing the inner circle while repressing any opposition, which may include rival political parties, armed resistance, or disloyal members of the inner circle. Although it is true that some dictators are far more strict and overbearing than others, as a rule, dictatorships tend to result in a loss of personal autonomy, quality of life, and political choice for everyday citizens. [108], Dictatorship in Europe largely ended after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the liberalization of most communist states. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. One of the reasons for this is the fact that the military often has more cohesion and institutional structure than most of the civilian institutions of society. Skyline of Downtown Dubai with Burj Khalifa from a Helicopter. the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . Donal Blaine Aidan Cinhil Haldane, 24th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1074 to 1095. [87] Populist movements were strengthened following the economic turmoil of the Great Depression, producing populist dictatorships in several Latin American countries. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. One person holds all of the country's power. He was a German legislator, organizer of Nazi party and furthermore filled in as Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945. [56] Caesar subverted the tradition of temporary dictatorships when he was made dictator perpetuo, or a dictator for life, which led to the creation of the Roman Empire. Many countries which are seen as otherwise democratic are dictatorships because there has yet to be an alternation in power since their incumbent government has never lost an election. A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. Adolf Hitler: 14 most cruel dictators Benito Mussolini: 14 most cruel dictators Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924): 14 most cruel dictators Joseph Stalin: 14 most cruel dictators Mao Zedong or Mao or Mao Tse Tung: 14 most cruel dictators Muammar Gaddafi: 14 most cruel dictators Idi Amin (1920-2003): 14 most cruel dictators Many dictatorships are also characterized by corruption, nepotism, and a cult of personality around the leader. [33] A ruling party in a one-party dictatorship may rule under any ideology or it may have no guiding ideology. Laos (since 1975) The result is that such regimes have no internal checks and balances, and are thus unrestrained when exerting repression on their people, making radical shifts in foreign policy, or starting wars with other countries. These individuals form an inner circle, making up a class of elites that hold a degree of power within the dictatorship and receive benefits in exchange for their support. [134] Revolution takes place when the opposition group grows large enough that elites in the regime cannot suppress it or choose not to. A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. Right now, 74% families are homeowners. Nazi and fascist regimes in Europe, Communist single-party states, military juntas in Latin America and . Like most dictators, they also often employ secret police and violence to silence critics. The classification depends on the rules outlining the relationship between a country's government, legislative assembly (often called the legislature), and head of state. Explore a few of the famous ones. Nigeria - 1966 to 1975 - Yakubu Gowon. As you can see, fascism was at its highest popularity during the 1930's. 1. Even in today's modern world, where freedom is prized and respected, you will still find examples of dictatorship governments around the globe. [92] Deng Xiaoping took power as the de facto leader of China after Mao's death and implemented reforms to restore stability following the Cultural Revolution and reestablish free market economics. A dictatorship is an authoritarian structure of government. The head of state may be unelected and still be classified as a democracy. Political culture: 5.00. [126] For dictatorships, societal compliance is necessary for the ruling entity to maintain its desired order, laws, revenue, and policies. [60] During the L dynasty of Vietnam between the 16th and 18th centuries, the country was under de facto military rule by two rival military families: the Trnh lords in the north and the Nguyn lords in the south. The Five Kinds of Dictatorship 1. [26] Ruling parties in one-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator in that the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society. Dictatorships in the Middle East and Northern Africa are either illiberal republics in which a president holds power through unfair elections, or they are absolute monarchies in which power is inherited. Members of the group will typically make up the elites in a dictator's inner circle at the beginning of a new dictatorship, though the dictator may remove them as a means to gain additional power. Elites are also the primary political threats of a dictator, as they can leverage their power to influence or overthrow the dictatorship. [144] Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition is allowed to participate in elections but is not allowed to win, with approximately two-thirds of dictatorships permitting opposition candidates in 2018. At the onset of the so-called "third wave" of democracy in 1978, the only democratic regimes were Costa Rica, Colombia and Venezuela. A political rival accused Obiang of cannibalism in 2004, but no evidence to support the claim has ever surfaced. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD), index of democracy and dictatorship or simply the DD index or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. [1]:70. Many others developed following a period of warlordism. The Countries with Dictatorships in the Modern World As of 2020, there are 52 nations with a dictator or authoritarian regime ruling the country: Three in Latin America and South America, 27 in Asia and the Middle East, and 22 in Africa. A dictatorship is a type of government in which a single personthe dictatoror party has absolute power. [101] Albania was established as a communist dictatorship under Enver Hoxha in 1944. Adolf Hitler - 1889-1945. Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. Albania - Communist Regime 3. Parties formed after the seizure of power often have little influence and only exist to serve the dictator. The methodology is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regardless of geopolitical, geographic, ethnic or religious considerations. Parliamentary democracy is the same as semi-presidential but has heads of state which are not popularly elected for a fixed term, typically either monarchs or officials not chosen by popular elections. The totalitarian dictatorship of Adolf Hitler in Germany , from 1933 to 1945. Current Heads of State & Dictators - Planet Rulers, President Faustin Archange Touadera of the, President Flix Tshilombo Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President Denis Sassou Nguesso of the Republic of the Congo, President Teodoro Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, President Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan of. [17] Between 1946 and 2010, 42% of dictatorships began by overthrowing a different dictatorship, and 26% began after achieving independence from a foreign government. Bettmann Archive / Getty Images. [85] After being defeated in World War II, the far-right dictatorships of Europe collapsed, with the exceptions of Spain and Portugal. Other countries with dictatorships and authoritarian rule, such as Cuba, Syria, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Belarus, could also be considered totalitarian governments. Accused of crimes against humanity, Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death in 2006. Those against dictatorship say personal rights are severely restricted, the system is generally based on force and violence, and it demands complete obedience. Given the degree of censorship and control China's government leverages over its citizens, most political experts would call it a dictatorship. [25], One-party dictatorships are governments in which a single political party dominates politics. Deadliest Dictator Regimes in History Maoist Catastrophe Between 1946 and 1976, China suffered under the rule of Mao Zedong, a communist revolutionary who founded the People's Republic of China. Also, dictatorships . If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. [29][30] The use of ruling parties also provides more legitimacy to its leadership and elites than other forms of dictatorship[31] and facilitates a peaceful transfer of power at the end of a dictator's rule. Poverty alleviation in these 10 dictatorship countries is in some cases associated with human rights abuses, violent crackdowns on the political opposition and indigenous people. In democracies, the threat of a military coup is associated with the period immediately after a democracy's creation but prior to large-scale military reforms. (Image Wikipedia) Electoral process and pluralism: 0.00. Synonyms for DICTATORSHIP: tyranny, autocracy, fascism, authoritarianism, totalitarianism, despotism, absolutism, autarchy; Antonyms of DICTATORSHIP: democracy . [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. [102] The stability of the Soviet Union weakened in the 1980s. In the last six years alone, at least 26 African countries have experienced transfers of power. [140] Elections are also used to control elites within the dictatorship by requiring them to compete with one another and incentivizing them to build support with the populace, allowing the most popular and most competent elites to be promoted in the regime. Military dictatorships are controlled by military officers, one-party dictatorships are controlled by the leadership of a political party, and personalist dictatorships are controlled by a single individual. Miguel Daz-Canel, the son of Ral Castro who replaced him as president of Cuba, has kept the dictatorship structure in place that was established by Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? A dictator may address the opposition by repressing it through force, modifying laws to restrict its power, or appeasing it with limited benefits. President Vladimir Putin is currently serving his fourth term as President of Russia. [43] This idea references the heavy reliance on repression of the public in order to stay in power, which creates incentives for all constituents to falsify their preferences, which does not allow for the dictator to know the genuine popular beliefs or his realistic measure of societal support. ", "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship? Current dictatorships include Russia, Equatorial New Guinea, and North Korea. Rodrigo Duterte (Philippines) Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the legally, directly-elected President of the Philippines and leading member of the PDP-Laban party. Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. Under this system, there are three types of dictatorships. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. [8]:455 Some countries (such as Spain, Belgium, Germany, and Israel) require that the vote of no confidence also specify who is going to replace the sitting government to minimize the time without an interim government, essentially replacing one government with another. However, since they might also give up power willingly, the regime is marked with a type II value to signal potential classification errors where a democratic regime may be falsely classified as dictatorship. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). The People's Republic of China is currently ruled by President Xi Jinping, who also serves as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, the country's Vice President, the President of the Central Party School, and the 1st ranked member of the CPC Politburo Standing Committee. Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. While common in the 20th century, the prominence of military dictatorships declined in the 1970s and 1980s. The dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945, Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919. Charles Taylor Country: Liberia Charles McArthur Ghanakay Taylor's life story is akin to that of a movie. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. [127], Indoctrination is the inculcation of citizens on specific values and ideas beneficial to the dictatorships needs and desires. [86] After a brief period of democratization, Latin America underwent a rapid transition toward dictatorship in the 1930s. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. [8]:457, The DD dataset is limited to 199 countries after 1946, whereas Boix, Miller, & Rosato, 2013 proposed a data set from 1800 to 2007, covering 219 countries.